On July 30th, 2024, the Aig-Imoukhuede Foundation hosted a pivotal national workshop titled “Rethinking Reforms: Why Many Reforms Fail in Nigeria and What We Can Do About It.” This significant event brought together a diverse group of state and non-state actors to tackle the ongoing challenges that have hindered the effectiveness of Nigeria’s public sector reforms.
Building on the Foundation’s extensive research into public sector reforms, the workshop provided a platform for various stakeholders to discuss the negative impact of nepotism, corruption, and accountability deficits on public service delivery in Nigeria. There was a strong consensus among both civil servants and non-state actors on the urgent need to eliminate outdated practices, such as the allocation of job slots based on favoritism, and to adopt more merit-based processes.
The workshop revealed a notable divergence in perspectives between career civil servants and appointed public officials regarding policy planning and implementation. This disparity underscores the critical need for greater alignment in public service goals and objectives to achieve successful reform.
One of the workshop’s key highlights was the presentation by Professor Balogun, the lead researcher, who introduced the “Multiple Fiefdoms Theory.” This groundbreaking framework sheds light on the deep-rooted obstacles that have consistently hindered public sector reforms in Nigeria. The theory outlines the conflict between two opposing forces within the nation: the “Soft Environment,” which is characterized by unity, a shared national identity, and a commitment to public service, and the “Hard Environment,” marked by divisions, conflicting interests, and a culture of patronage.
This clash between the Soft and Hard Environments often leads to personal loyalty taking precedence over professional duty, thereby stifling effective governance and reform efforts. The research calls for strengthening the Soft Environment by fostering a merit-based public service, promoting accountability, and cultivating a shared national vision.
To address these challenges, the research proposed several initiatives, including the establishment of new public service values, revisions to the code of conduct, and the adoption of global best practices to achieve meaningful and sustainable reforms.
The workshop featured a distinguished panel of experts, including Dr. ‘Dere Awosika, Dr. Magdalene Ajani, Dr. Joe Abah, Mr. Uyi Akpata, and Mr. ‘Laoye Jaiyeola, who provided valuable insights into the complexities of public sector reform. Contributions from prominent figures such as former President Chief Olusegun Obasanjo, Justice Amina Augie, Dr. Oby Ezekwesili, Bishop Matthew Kukah, and Mr. Bismarck Rewane further enriched the discussions.
Former President Olusegun Obasanjo, who played a key role in the event, emphasized the importance of continuity in the reform process, stating, “The greatest bane of reforms is discontinuity of the key actors. Any break in continuity means virtually the end of reform.” He highlighted the essential roles needed for successful reform—initiator, driver, owner, executor, and sustainer—and stressed the critical importance of competence, collaboration between Ministers and public service technocrats, adequate remuneration, and effective communication in delivering impactful public service.
The workshop also highlighted several systemic challenges facing Nigeria’s public sector, including the lack of a unified national development goal, poor political leadership, and weak consequence management. Participants agreed on the need for a multi-faceted approach to overcome these challenges, which includes strengthening accountability mechanisms through technology, investing in human capital development, enhancing citizen participation to build public trust, and improving collaboration across sectors.
Recognizing that sustainable change requires time and dedication, the workshop emphasized the importance of long-term commitment to the reform process. The Aig-Imoukhuede Foundation is committed to turning these insights into actionable steps. A comprehensive report detailing the workshop’s proceedings, research findings, and recommendations will be made available on the Foundation’s website in the coming weeks.
“This workshop marks a pivotal moment as we embark on Nigeria’s public sector reform journey. By working together, we can create a public sector that truly serves the needs and aspirations of Nigerian citizens, because that is who we truly serve,” declared Ofovwe Aig-Imoukhuede, Executive Vice Chair of the Aig-Imoukhuede Foundation.
The Foundation expressed its gratitude to all participants, speakers, and partners for their invaluable contributions.
